An examination of the competition between bulk behavior and interfacial behavior of ceramics subjected to dynamic pressure–shear loading

A grain level micromechanical analysis of ceramic microstructures subjected to dynamic compression–shear loading conditions is presented. The investigation consists of a combined experimental/numerical approach in which bulk and surface properties are examined by means of pressure–shear impact experiments for a ceramic plate in contact with steel plates. The model for the ceramic microstructure accounts for heterogeneities and randomness in grain orientation and composition. A cohesive zone model is included to capture inter-granular microcrack initiation and evolution as a natural outcome of the calculated material response. Surface roughness is also included in the analysis to capture the time-dependent frictional behavior of the various interfaces. The model for the steel anvil plate accounts for visco-plasticity, thermal softening and strain hardening. Representative volume elements of ceramic microstructure and anvil plates are considered to account for features observed in real experiments. Pressure–shear impact velocity histories are used not only to identify inelasticity, but also to determine dominant failure modes. Bridging between microand macroscales is achieved by using the developed model. Simulated velocity histories have been found to be in a good agreement with the experimental observations when bulk and surface features are included in the analysis. However, it is demonstrated that information gathered from these experiments is not su6cient to determine the mechanical behavior of the brittle material. Instead, the velocity histories provide important information on the time-dependent frictional behavior of the specimen–anvil interfaces. ? 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.